臨床護理人力運用的演變與前瞻

Clinical Nursing Manpower: Development and Future Prospects

近年來，臺灣在護理人力的運用上有許多的改變，特別是全民健保實施，以及長期照護的需求。臨床護理人力的運用有二大明顯變化，一是護理人力的需求大幅增加，尤其是診所的護理人力約莫增加4倍；二是病人照護的困難度增加，包括：疾病的嚴重度、民眾對照護品質的要求等。加上其他行業對護理人員的吸引，在這樣的變遷下，產生醫院聘不到護理人力的窘境。為建構優質護理職場，衛生福利部結合護理專業團體的力量，積極推動護理十大改革策略、建置護理輔助人力，及規劃護理人力分級制度，這些是否能有效吸引護理人員願意進入醫療職場，成為大家關注和努力的議題。

The significant changes in nursing manpower utilization in Taiwan over the past two decades are due in large part to the implementation of the National Health Insurance program and the rising need for long-term care. The changes have impacted clinical nursing manpower utilization in two important ways. Firstly, there has been a substantial increase in overall demand for nursing manpower. In particular, the need for clinical nurses has nearly quadrupled during this time period. Secondly, the level of difficulty involved in patient care has risen dramatically, with factors including increased disease severity and increased care quality expectations, among others. These changes, coupled with demands on nursing manpower imposed from other sectors, underpin and further exacerbate the problem of nursing manpower shortages throughout the healthcare system. To raise the quality of the nursing work environment, the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) brought together Taiwan's key professional nursing organizations to promote 10 care-reform strategies, establish the nursing-aid manpower system, and create the nursing classification system as an approach to effectively attract nurses to take positions in the medical system.