個案管理之概念分析

Case Management: A Concept Analysis

近年個案管理制度已逐漸應用在國內之醫療環境，雖然名稱相同，但是在不同醫療體系下，制度的內容卻有很大的出入，本文藉由Walker及Avant所提出的概念分析步驟，協助相關醫療人員了解個案管理的本質，達到個案管理的目標。經由分析發現，個案管理係指協助個案在特殊情況或問題下，應用管理策略有效達到組織目標。定義性特徵為一、個案具有複雜性高的問題。二、醫療專業人員共同合作解決個案的問題，達到兼具品質及符合成本效益之醫療目的。三、需要管理者以管理的過程整合片段、重複、不協調的資源，統合後提供個案使用。四、促進個案自我提升，有效率的使用照護系統。

While the case management approach has been increasingly applied to healthcare worldwide in recent years, significant differences in application exist among discrete medical systems. This paper applies a methodology outlined by Walker and Avant to analyze the case management concept. This methodology is designed to assist medical staff to understand a concept in order to better achieve concept goals. The case management approach works to leverage organizational strategies to resolve case-specific circumstances and issues in order to accomplish organizational goals. Defining attributes of case management include: (1) highly complex cases; (2) the use of multidisciplinary professional teams to resolve case problems in the most cost-effective manner; (3) the use of case managers to manage the effective integration and operation of the multidisciplinary team; and (4) helping cases improve and make effective use of medical system resources.