老人復原力之概念分析

Elder Resilience: A Concept Analysis

「復原力」是一種由個人、家庭及社會文化中的保護因素與危險因素共同交織而成之多重面向概念；且是隨時空異動的社會文化適應能力。當身處有生活壓力事件的情境，透過個人特質和支持系統，「老人復原力」會使其朝向正向適應的動態過程與結果。本文旨在運用Walker和Avant（2005）的概念分析步驟，統整出「老人復原力」之定義，並試以「典型範例、邊緣範例和相反範例」清楚陳述「自我效能、懷抱希望或期待、變通性、幽默感以及正向的關係或社會支持」等定義性屬性。進而確認影響老人復原力的前因及後果，以及評析三項常用的實證性測量工具。期望透過此概念分析，有助於臨床實務及研究之應用，促使醫護人員發展正向地健康照護理念以及介入措施，進而協助老人成功老化（successful aging），達到內外在動態平衡的正向適應。

Resilience as a social culture adaptation skill is a concept created by a combination of culture-based protection and risk factors influenced by individual, family and society variables. When encountering life event stresses, elder resilience helps the elderly achieve positive adaptation processes and results using personal character and support systems. This study used concept analysis strategies (Walker & Avant, 2005) to define the concept of elder resilience and typical, borderline and contradictory models to define the attributes of self-efficacy, hope and expectation, flexibility, sense of humor, and positive relationships / social support. We identified antecedent and consequence factors of elder resilience and evaluated three empirical measurement tools. Concept analysis results are hoped to benefit clinical practice and further research. Healthcare provider should further develop a positive healthcare philosophy and intervention approaches in order to assist the elderly with successful aging and positive adaptation.