外科病房新進護理人員照護情境掌握自信與執業能力精熟度及相關因素之探討

Practice Competency and Related Factors of New Nurses in Surgical Wards

本研究利用次級資料分析法探討外科病房新進護理人員（簡稱新人）的照護情境掌握自信、執業能力精熟度及其相關因素。分析資料取自「行政院衛生署醫院護理人員執業培訓需求評估」資料庫中外科病房有效的92份（佔93.88%）新人問卷。問卷由背景資料（含個人因素與組織因素）、照護情境掌握自信量表和護理執業能力精熟度量表等三個部份組成，由新人自填。二個量表各包含四個子量表，Cronbach’s α值分別為.946～.985和.947～.985。研究發現：(一)新人照護情境掌握自信（0-10分）的四個子量表平均值與標準差分別為6.59 ± 1.38、6.56 ± 1.53、6.65 ± 1.48、7.00 ± 1.75；護理執業能力精熟度（1-4分）的四個子量表平均值與標準差分別為3.10 ± 0.57、3.24 ± 0.56、3.15 ± 0.60、3.00 ± 0.54。(二)照護情境掌握自信與護理執業能力精熟度二者間呈正相關；前者可解釋後者18.9%的變異量。個人因素中的工作月數、執業能力精熟度和組織因素中的同儕支持度、病人及其家屬支持度可解釋新人照護情境掌握自信44.3%的變異量。研究結果可提供學校規劃護理就業課程及臨床規劃職前與繼續教育課程之參考。

This study adopted a secondary analysis method to explore the professional confidence, practice competency and related factors of new nurses who had worked in surgical wards for less than one year. This study analyzed data from 92 completed structured questionnaires (validity rate: 93.88%). The questionnaire was designed in three parts, including demographic data (personal and organizational factors), the Nursing Practice Situation Handling Confidence Scale (NPSHC Scale) and the Nursing Practicing Competencies Mastery (NPCH Scale) Scale. Subjects self-completed the distributed questionnaire. Internal consistency Cronbach’s α of four sub-scales for the NPSHC scales and the NPCM scales were, respectively, between .946~.985 and .947~.985. Results indicate that (1) the mean and standard deviation for the four categories in professional confidence (0~10) were 6.59 ± 1.38, 6.56 ± 1.53, 6.65 ± 1.48 and 7.00 ± 1.75. The mean and standard deviation for the four practice competency categories (1~4) were 3.10 ± 0.57, 3.24 ± 0.56, 3.15 ± 0.60 and 3.00 ± 0.54; (2) the professional confidence of nurses and practice competency are positively related. The former explained 18.9% of variance in the latter, while individual factors (number of months of experience, mastery of nursing practice competencies) and organizational factors (support from peers, patients and their families) explained 44.3% of the variance in subject professional confidence. Results of this study provide a valuable reference for future nursing school curricula and clinical planning when designing courses for employment, pre-occupation and continuing education courses.