健康促進中心訪客之健康相關行為及其影響因素之探討

Health Related Behaviors and Associated Factors among Visitors to a Health Promotion Center

本研究主要目的在探討接受北部某醫院之健康促進中心護理諮詢的訪客，其健康行為之概況及其相關之影響因素。採橫斷面調查法和方便取樣方式，以成人健康促進量表為主要工具，針對400位訪客為對象。結果顯示(1)樣本中多數為女性、平均年齡41.5歲，大專以上、已婚、目前有職業佔多數，一半以上有宗教信仰。多數無抽菸、喝酒和嚼檳榔習慣，近三分之一體位屬於過重和肥胖、多數每天睡眠6-8小時且有吃早餐的習慣；(2)在40項健康促進行為中，有9項行為執行頻率較高，如吃早餐，有4項行為執行較低，如與合格的醫護專業人員討論健康照顧相關的事。在整體健康行為之排行中，以「社會支持」平均得分最高，而運動及健康責任行為最低；(3)目前沒有工作者、年齡在40歲以上、已婚、沒有抽菸和經常吃早餐者，其整體健康行為顯著高於其相對組；(4)從複迴歸分析也顯示年齡愈高、吃早餐頻率和教育程度愈高、以及無工作者，可以解釋整體健康行為14.6%之變異量。此結果將可做為醫學中心提供訪客在健康行為改變的參考依據。

The purpose of this study was to examine the health promoting behaviors and associated factors among patients who visited a health promotion center to receive nursing counseling. A cross-sectional survey and convenience sampling were applied in this study. Four hundred visitors to a medical center in northern Taiwan participated in the investigation. The results showed that: (1) The majority of participants were female, working, married, had a mean age of 41.5 years old, and were educated to college level. More than half of them had a religious belief, and most of them did not smoke, chew betel nut or drink alcohol; nearly one-third were overweight or obese. (2) Among the 40 items, there were nine behaviors categorized as high frequency, e.g. eating breakfast, maintaining good relationships etc. Four behaviors were categorized as low frequency, e.g. discuss with health personnel, check pulse rate when I do exercise, etc. (3) The demographic characteristics showed that those who worked, were married, more than 40 years old, and did not smoke had significantly higher scores on health promoting behaviors than their counterpart group. (4) The regression analysis showed that the higher the frequency of eating breakfast, the higher the age group, and the higher the educational level, and that unemployment explained the total variance of 14.6% in health promoting behavior. These findings will be an important reference for the implementation of health promoting programs for hospital visitors.