自傷與傷人－－一個功能不良家庭的生活經驗

Self-harm vs. Harming Others: The Lived Experiences of a Dysfunctional Family

本研究目的在探討一位具有酒癮、暴力行為的自殺企圖者之家庭，其成員所知覺的自傷與傷人生活經驗。採現象學研究法，研究對象為有自殺企圖的父親及其二名成年期子女，經說明研究目的並獲得同意後，在六個月家庭照顧期間，以半結構訪談大綱進行2-3次個別深度訪談。採現場錄音，並將訪談內容謄寫為逐字稿共計8篇，再以現象學法分析資料。歸納出功能不良家庭中「自傷－－傷人」循環的生活經驗，包括「互相傷害的父母次系統」、「錯置的親子次系統」二類，每類別各包含2-4項主題。本研究結果針對家庭夫妻、親子、手足各系統之間的傷害經驗進行動力循環剖析，期未來能增進助人工作者對家庭中「自傷者或傷人者」的生活經驗有深刻瞭解，俾能提供早期預防、早期介入處置，以減少社區中功能不良家庭系統再複製傷害的循環。

The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of self-harm and harm to others from the perspective of two adult offspring and a father, the latter of whom was prone to alcohol abuse and domestic violence and had attempted suicide. Written informed consents were obtained from the subjects after a detailed explanation of the research aims and procedures. A qualitative, phenomenological method was applied for the study. Three subjects were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide designed by the researchers and based on the aims of the study over a six-month period of home care. A qualitative content analysis based on a phenomenological method was used to identify themes in the data. Two main categories emerged: (1) the mutual harm to the couple subsystem, (2) the misplaced parental-child subsystem. Subsequently, two to four themes were identified from each category. These results provide a better analysis and understanding of the perceived experiences of the harm to the spouse, parental, and sibling subsystems. They should also help health professionals to improve awareness of the lived experiences associated with the issues of self-harm and threats of harm to others. This study could serve as a valuable reference in promoting possible prevention strategies aiming at the reduction of self-harm and harm to others in dysfunctional families within the community.