以焦點團體來探討長期照護機構老人對團體音樂療法的體驗

Using Focus Groups to Explore the Group Music Therapy Experience of Long Term Care Elderly

本研究主要目的在瞭解老人對團體音樂療法的主觀經驗感受，其方法採團體音樂療法於長期照護機構中的老人，持續一年後，再透過以焦點團體訪談，共進行3次，每次6-8人，共訪18人，而老人的年齡從64至90歲，其中95%的老人參加團體音樂療法已有10個月之久。將訪談資料轉錄為文本後，以內容分析法分析，其結果發現老人對參加團體音樂療法的經驗感受，共可概括為六個主題：（1）察覺參與心境的大轉變；（2）知覺病痛緩和與情緒控制；（3）體覺身體功能的進步；（4）引發求生動機；（5）學習正向與人相處及遵守團體規範；（6）習獲自我健康促進之道。其研究結果可提供護理教育以及相關行政機構在規劃及安排老人的治療性活動之參考。

The purpose of this study was to explore the elderly's experience and perceptions of group music therapy. The residents of a long term care institution received group music therapy for one year. Afterwards, three interviews were conducted in focus groups of between six and eight of the elderly. Their ages ranged from 64 to 90. Ninety-five percent of these elderly subjects participated in the therapy for over ten months. The tape-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. Six themes emerged regarding the elderly subjects' experiences and perceptions of group music therapy, as follows: (1) becoming more willing to participate; (2) feeling pain relief and more controlled moods; (3) getting physically better; (4) being more motivated to live; (5) learning positive personal interaction and obedience to the rules of the group; and (6) learning skills to improve personal health. This information might be used as a helpful and valuable reference in nursing education and by administrative organizations involved in the planning of therapeutic programs for the elderly.