一位愛滋毒癮者之照護經驗－－家庭壓力之應用

An Experience Nursing an Intravenous Drug User (IDU) with AIDS: Applying the Family Stress Model

社會對愛滋病存在歧視與恐懼，使愛滋病患家庭在社會也帶著極大的恥辱標籤。近兩年來愛滋病感染人數大幅增加，被認為是因靜脈毒癮者共用針具所致。然而毒癮者因不容於家庭，與家人關係早已疏遠，感染愛滋後，更不被接納。本文敘述一位毒癮者感染愛滋病後，住院期間為家庭帶來的壓力。筆者在照顧愛滋毒癮病患及其家屬時，藉向使用Boss家庭壓力管理，評估後發現個案家庭面臨的三個主要問題，包括：（1）主要照顧者身心疲憊；（2）親子間溝通不良；（3）家庭因應能力失調：妥協性。照護期間，筆者促使個案與案母間採正向的溝通，讓個案在生命末期與案母間轉為親密和諧的家庭關係、增加個案安全感。再者，筆者也照會社工師共同提供社會資源協助個案家庭渡過家庭危機。

There is prejudice and fear in society about AIDS, causing the families of AIDS patients to he stigmatized. The number of patients infected with HIV has increased substantially in the past two years as presumably a result of an increase in the sharing of syringes. Intravenous drug users (IDUs) are often isolated from their families, with whom they usually have poor relationships. If they arc infected with HIV, it becomes all the more difficult for them to be accepted by their family. The article describes the stress experienced by a family as a result of hospitalization of an IDU with AIDS. The findings from this case report demonstrate three main problems identified from the assessment of Boss's family stress management. These three health-related problems were that the primary caregiver felt exhausted, that communication between parents and children was poor, and that the family's coping ability was compromised. Encouraging positive communication between the client and his mother throughout the period of care enhanced the closeness and harmoniousness of their relationship, as well as the client's sense of security as he approached death. Furthermore, we consulted with social workers in order to facilitate the joint provision of social resources and to assist the family during its crisis.