住院安胎孕婦之家庭的壓力與因應行為之探討

Study of Stress and Coping Behaviors in Families of Hospitalized Pregnant Woman Undergoing Tocolysis

住院安胎孕婦之家庭除了面對正常懷孕所產生的改變與調整外，更將面臨因住院接受安胎醫療處置所產生的種種壓力，整個家庭的生活型態、人際關係都將面臨遽變。本研究目的為探討一個住院安胎孕婦之家庭的壓力以及因應行為。採臨床田野研究法，於台北市某一醫學中心的婦產科病房進行。研究對象為一個住院安胎孕婦的家庭。使用觀察者即參與者的方式進行資料的收集。資料分析採內容分析法。研究結果發現，此家庭在住院安胎過程中的家庭壓力包括：（1）對安胎治療過程有不確定感；（2）擔心胎兒的健康與預後；（3）家庭成員角色關係的緊張；（4）家庭運作方式的改變。家庭因應行為包括：（1）尋求醫療資訊；（2）調整家庭成員的角色與功能；（3）改變家庭成員的互動關係；（4）有效地運用家庭資源系統。本研究結果可提供臨床醫護人員在照顧此類家庭時照護的參考。

Because of tocolysis intervention, families of pregnant woman undergoing tocolysis face stresses beyond the physical and psychological challenges of normal pregnancy. The lifestyle of the family and the relationship between family members will change significantly. The purpose of this study was to explore the stresses and coping behaviors of families of pregnant woman undergoing tocolysis in the hospital. A clinical field method was used and the subjects were recruited from one medical center in Taipei. Data, collected from participant observations and interviews, was subject to content analysis. Results showed that the family stress could be segmented into the four realms of (1) uncertainty about tocolysis; (2) worrying about infant's health; (3) role conflicts between relatives; and (4) changes in family life patterns. The study classified family coping behavior into the following four activity categories: (1) searching for information about tocolysis; (2) adjusting family member roles; (3) changing family member interactions; (4) streamlining the use of family resources. These conclusions are helpful to promote nursing quality in relation to caring for families of pregnant woman with tocolysis by fully understanding the related sources of stress and patterns of coping behaviors.