癌症青少年感染防治衛教方案之設計

The Design and Content Validity of an Infection Control Health Education Program for Adolescents with Cancer

本文主要是介紹癌症青少年感染防治衛教方案。方案內容包含「感染防治護理指導光碟」及「生活日誌表」。光碟內容之依據為國內外相關文獻與專家臨床實務經驗，以癌症患童為主角，闡述癌症青少年之感染防治重點；並依光碟所闡述的重點作為生活日誌表的內容，讓青少年每兩天自我記錄一次，以期達到自我鼓勵與監測。工具乃由專家審核，以Likert五分計量法進行內容效度檢定。檢定結果，「感染防治護理指導光碟」之內容效度平均得分為4.72分；專家同意百分比平均為99%。「生活日誌表」之內容效度平均得分為4.82分；專家同意百分比平均為98%。此感染防治衛教方案可運用於增進癌症青少年了解自我照顧之原則，亦可廣泛應用於癌症病童及主要照顧者之護理指導。在進一步研究的前驅研究計畫中，研究者運用此方案於增進癌症青少年自我照顧知識及行為，並減少化學治療繼發性感染的發生，提高癌症青少年自我照顧成效。

The purpose of this article is to describe the process of designing an Infection Control Health Education Program (ICP) for adolescents with cancer, to describe the content of that program, and to evaluate its validity. The program consisted of an audiovisual ”Infection Control Health Education Program in Video Compact Disc (VCD)” and ”Self-Care Daily Checklist (SCDC)”. The VCD was developed from systematic literature reviews and consultations with experts in pediatric oncology care. It addresses the main issues of infection control among adolescents. The content of the SCDC was designed to enhance adolescents' self-care capabilities by means of twice daily self-recording. The response format for content validity of the VCD and SCDC was a 5-point Likert scale. The mean score for content validity was 4.72 for the VCD and 4.82 for the SCDC. The percentage of expert agreement was 99% for the VCD and 98% for the SCDC. In summary, the VCD was effective in improving adolescents' capacity for self-care and the extensive reinforcement SCDC was also shown to be useful. In a subsequent pilot study, the authors used this program to increase adolescent cancer patients' self-care knowledge and behavior for, and decrease their levels of secondary infection.