乳癌手術後婦女症狀困擾與因應策略之相關性探討

Symptom Distresses and Coping Strategies in Breast Cancer Women With Mastectomy

本研究係針對台北市二所醫學中心130位乳癌婦女，以結構式問卷調查其手術後二年內的症狀困擾與因應策略之相關性。研究工具包括身體症狀量表、情緒困擾量表、社會功能困擾量表、因應策略量表及基本資料表，共五部份。使用的統計方法包括描述性統計、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析與事後雪費氏檢定及皮爾遜積差相關等方法，研究結果顯示乳癌手術後婦女所面臨的身體、心理、社會困擾，其困擾程度均介於無至輕度障礙之間且三者間呈顯著正相關。乳癌手術後婦女面對症狀困擾時，病患大多採取問題取向的因應策略，愈採取問題取向因應策略，乳癌婦女所經驗之身體、心理、社會困擾愈少。本研究結果可提供專業人員更多照護訊息，發展適合的護理措施，提供有效的因應策略，以協助病患解決身心社會困擾，提昇病患的生活品質。

The purpose of this descriptive cross-sectional survey was to understand the correlation between symptom distresses and coping strategies in female victims of breast cancer with in two years of their undergoing a mastectomy. The instruments used in this study were the Physical Symptoms Scale, short form of Profile of Mood states (POMS-SF), Social Function Distress Questionnaire, Jalowiec Coping scale (JCS), and demographic data. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistic, t-test, one-way ANOVA, post Scheffe test and Pearson product-moment correlation. The essential results are summarized as follows. Degrees of biopsychosocial distresses varied from none to mild. Physical symptom distress, psychological distress, and social function distress were positively correlated. When patients were confronted with symptom distresses, they tended to adopt problemfocused coping strategies. The more problem-focused coping strategies, they used the less symptom distresses they experienced. The results of this study could be used to help to develop nursing interventions and efficient coping strategies. Patient may then be able to use the latter to solve symptom distresses and enhance their quality of life.