無望感之概念分析

Hopelessness: A Concept Analysis

無望感是指沒有希望、希望破滅的感覺或遭遇到無法解決的困境，為個體主觀的情緒與認知，對未來持有負面的看法、失去控制力及失去信心、勇氣、能量去達成自己想要的目標。無望感會威脅病患身心安適，進而影響其康復和復健的過程。國內外許多相關文獻在探討無望感對疾病的影響，但至今仍缺乏對無望感作有系統的概念分析。因此，本文運用Walker及Avent（1995）所描述概念分析的方式，統整相關文獻，確立「無望感」概念之定義性屬性，並舉出典型案例、邊緣案例及相反案例，以進一步加強護理人員對此概念的正確認知，期能應用於臨床病患護理。

Hopelessness means no hope, the feeling that hopes have been destroyed or of facing a dilemma that cannot be solved. It is a subjective emotion which has a negative viewpoint for the future-one of losing control, confidence, courage and the energy to reach one’s goal. Hopelessness can threaten a patient’s physical and psychological well-being, and affect the process of recovery and rehabilitation. There is a great deal of relevant literature which explores the influence of hopelessness but there is no literature to analyze the concept of hopelessness. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to elucidate the concept of hopelessness, using a technique of concept analysis described by Walker and Avent (1995). In this concept analysis of hopelessness, the term is defined and the critical attributes are identified. Model, borderline, and contrary cases illustrate what the concept is and what it is not. The antecedents and consequences of hopelessness are identified to further refine the critical attributes. The article enhances a nurse’s correct view of this concept and offers the concept for use in clinical nursing.