運用FORECAST方法於某社區健康營造計畫的形成性評價

Formative Evaluation of a Community Health Management Program: The FORECAST Approach

行政院衛生署為了呼應世界衛生組織所提供出的「健康城市」，自1999年開始，在全國推動社區健康營造計畫。目前政府對計畫執行的評價僅以參與人務作為依據，及年度計畫報告為成果，評價的過程及方法欠缺完整性，因此，評價結果無法提供即時性及互動的資訊以及改善計畫的執行。本文乃運用FORECAST方法於某大型社區健康營造計畫之評價過程。FORECAST模式提供本計畫一個清楚的發展方向，並協助訂定15項標記及其測量方法，以促連持續性評價及計畫評價者與計畫執行人間的合作。計畫執行人員可透過與評價者的夥伴關係，來參與評價的過程並確信計畫對社區的意義。本文的結果應有助於社區健康營造工作者、衛生所和衛生局的健康專業人員，發展有效的社區健康營造計畫之評價系統。

In response to the call of the World Health Organization for “healthy cities”, the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, has funded community health management programs nationwide since 1999. Presently, the official evaluation of the program implementation is merely based on the quantity of the participant residents and program reports, and is not comprehensive enough to provide the instant and interactive information that could be very useful in improving the program interventions. This study demonstrated the application of FORECAST (Formative Evaluation, Consultant, and Systems Technique) approach to the evaluation of a large community-based health management program. The FORECAST model provided clear guidance on the direction of program development. Fifteen markers and their measures were developed to facilitate the ongoing evaluation and to promote collaboration between the evaluator and the program staff. In partnership with the evaluator in the processes of appraisal and analysis, the program personnel were assured of the significance of the community program. Results of the present study can help community health management workers, health station professionals and health bureau officials to develop effectiveevaluation systems for community health management programs.