蘆山地震住院傷患的緊急心理救援

Hospital-Based Psychological First Aid Provided to Patients Injured in the Lushan Earthquake

中國四川省蘆山縣於2013年4月20日發生7.0級的強烈地震，在當時傷患救治的醫院裡，筆者們緊急成立心理危機介入團隊，遵循科學化、有序、規範的原則，初步實踐「生根模式」，開展以支援性心理介入為核心的災後住院傷患緊急心理救援模式。有131位傷患入院接受心理介入，二周後心理評估結果顯示，其一般心理健康狀況、急性壓力反應、焦慮和憂鬱情緒均有所改善（p ＜ .05）。本文針對此次蘆山地震災難後的緊急心理救援基本原則、工作的組織規劃、工作內容、具體方法及達成成效等進行闡述，期能分享此次本土化的救難經驗，以做為未來災難後心理救援模式的參考。

In the aftermath of the 7.0 earthquake that struck Lushan in China's Sichuan Province on April 20, 2013, a psychological crisis intervention working group was established in a hospital that was treating earthquake victims. Patients at this hospital received psychological first aid that was delivered in accordance with scientific, systematic, and standardized principles. This first aid employed a ＂rooting mode＂ methodology and was designed as a supportive psychological intervention. Mental assessment results showed that the general mental health, acute stress reactions, and anxiety and depression status of all of the 131 injured who received the psychological intervention had significantly improved (p ＜ .05) during the two-week intervention period. This paper introduces the basic principles used to develop and provide this first aid, the approach used to organize the working groups, the main contents of the intervention, specific methods used, and intervention outcomes. This information is provided as a reference for providing localized psychological assistance in the aftermath of a disaster incident.