在加護病房中運用多重感覺刺激於一位頭部外傷昏迷病患之照顧經驗

Applying Multisensory Stimulation in to a Comatose Patient with Head Injury in an Intensive Care Unit

頭部外傷是神經外科醫療及護理相當重要主題之一，其病患約佔神經外科病患總數的30%。近年來因科技與醫學之進步，使的頭部外傷病患存活率大為提昇，但是多數患者常會合併不同程度的人格、情緒、認知及行為的改變，影響其日常生活，進而增加及行為的改變，影響其日常生活，進而增加家庭與社會之負擔，最後終會導致其無法獨立生活（Guentz, 1987）。本文是藉由早期多重感覺刺激計劃，運用於一位頭部外傷病患在加護病房急性期時即開始執行，並結合各方學者之研究與臨床執行之技朽，再由醫學人員經過整體性之評估個案後，依其損傷程度不同而設計出具個別性之計劃，並融入加護病房例行醫療照護工作中，進而能縮短病患昏迷時間，並持續給予認知及感覺刺激等一連串之復健計劃，使病患因而能改善其癒後，進而協助其早日回復到日常生活能力，以達成恢復其獨立生活之目標，減輕家庭之負擔。

Head injury is a major topic in neurosurgery and nursing science. Cases represent around 30% of neurosurgery patients. Recently, the progress of technology and medicine has improved the survival rate of head injury patients, but most are affected by changes in personality, emotions, cognition and behavior. These affect the daily life of such patients, increase the burden on families and society, and may prevent patients' living independently (Guentz, 1987). This paper describes the use of an multisensory stimulation program employing a variety of techniques to help an ICU patient, with evaluation by the entire medical team to develop an individually tailored program. The individual program involving continuous cognitive and sensory stimulation can shorten the patient's coma period and improve recovery. Thus the whole program will help the patient back to normal life and the ability to live independently, and thereby lessen the burden on the family.