國境之西－－論南朝作家鮑照、謝朓與蕭繹的荊州書寫

The West Country: A Study on the Jingzhou Writing of Bao Zhao, Xie Tiao, and Xiao Yi

過去談及「南北朝」文學，「南」、「北」文學的分別較受論者的關注。然而就南朝而言，荊揚地理有易，風俗有別，自然形成不同文風。荊州自三國時即被認為是江南王國的「國之西勢」，而本文從「荊州書寫」的角度切入，舉列三個曾於荊州寓居任職的作者：鮑照、謝朓與蕭繹。對鮑照來說，行旅江、荊州郡的經驗，與之擬代樂府的邊塞羈旅風格結合，成了可移植的經驗；對謝朓來說，荊州是與建康對照的空間，而隨著日後的懷想荊州，荊州時光伴隨著典故反覆被召喚；對蕭繹來說，荊州的仙靈傳說與他的浪漫情懷結合，造就其荊州情結，荊州也成了他精心所打造的私我王國。藉由荊州書寫的探討，期能補充南朝文學「東西」的差異，填補「南北」之不足。

In the past, researchers have mainly concerned themselves with differences between north and south in Southern and Northern Dynasties literature. In the south, differences in geography and custom produced the different literary styles of Jingzhou 荊州 and Yangzhou 揚州. This study discusses Jingzhou writing from the perspective of three writers, Bao Zhao 鮑照, Xie Tiao 謝朓, and Xiao Yi 蕭繹, who once served as officials or lived in Jingzhou. Bao Zhao's experiences travelling through Jingzhou provided him with writing material that he could graft onto frontier fortress-style yuefu 樂府 poetry. To Xie Tiao, Jingzhou represents a spatial contrast with the capital Jiankang 建康. In later writings he often recalls Jingzhou with affection, his memories of living there frequently summoned up by the literary allusions he employs. Last of all, this paper examines Xiao Yi, who combines the myths and legends of Jingzhou with a romantic sentiment to create his Jingzhou complex: he takes Jingzhou and forges it into his own private fantasy kingdom. The author hopes that this discussion of Jingzhou writing will help make up for the deficiencies of the north-south divide narrative in Southern and Northern Dynasties literature research by supplementing an east-west dimension