御筆、御筆手詔與北宋徽宗朝的統治方式

A Study on the Imperial Brush and Imperial Brush Hand-Drafted Edicts under the Rule of Song Huizong, 1100-1125

本文探討北宋徽宗朝（1100-1125）御筆、御筆手詔的形式及政治意義。通過對傳統文獻及石刻資料的分析，本文認為：首先，在形式上，徽宗朝的御筆、御筆手詔分別繼承了此前的內批、手詔這兩種不同的文書。其次，御筆、御筆手詔與內批、手詔的區別，主要不在其行下方式是否違背既有的制約體系，而在於呈現的方式。最終，在此基礎上，本文認為，徽宗朝以內批、手詔這兩種王朝政治中常見的文書為介質，在既有運行程式的基礎上，突出政令頒行中「御筆」的存在，從而展現徽宗君臨天下的政治姿態，塑造君主自身與整個王朝政治之間的緊密聯繫。歸根結底，這是徽宗朝統治方式的獨特性在文書運行上的體現。

This paper examine the Imperial Brush 御筆 and Imperial Brush Hand-drafted Edicts 御筆手詔, focusing on their styles and political implications under the rule of Song Huizong 宋徽宗. It argues that Imperial Brush and Imperial Brush Hand-drafted Edicts originated from Inner Comments 內批 and Hand-drafted Edicts 手詔 respectively, which were two routine ways for emperors to issue their orders. Both Imperial Brush and Imperial Brush Hand-drafted Edict differed from their predecessor in the appearance of the documents rather than the order-issuing procedures. Therefore, they highlighted the emperorship by embedding Emperor Huizong's personal characteristics into the routine operation of the Song government documents.