從不同時期華人會館的成立探討香港華人移民史

Explore the Migration History of Hong Kong Chinese through Migrant Associations Emerged in Various Period of Time

移民社團刊物是研究香港華人移民史的一項重要來源，這些第一手材料包含了華人移民及其社團豐富的敘述。早期移民依其共同的方言群和祖籍在移居社會組成社團，他們的刊物流露出他們在客居地的歷史和發展，以及他們與中國僑鄉的互動。宗親會、同鄉會和地緣商會，自香港19世紀開埠以來便對華人的日常生活具有很大的影響力，香港華人社團又是與東南亞和北美國家的海外華人溝通之樞紐，透過他們與不同地區的同鄉華人之互動，以及這些地區政治經濟的變化，可以看出這些「旅港」或「僑港」的移民社團在過去一個世紀多以來，在香港經歷了本土化、區域化和跨國化，香港中文大學的圖書館館藏顯示了旅港或僑港社團刊物曾分別在三個不同時期出現。本文將分析列舉香港中文大學特藏中的社團刊物，以檢視香港華人認同感在1840年至今的政經環境下之發展，及其刊物對研究香港華人移民史的意義。

The publications of migrant associations are a primary source for studying the migration history of Hong Kong Chinese. These first hand materials contain rich narratives of Chinese immigrants and their organizations. Early settlers formed their organizations based upon common identities of dialect and locality in immigrant societies. Their publications not only reveal much of their immigrant history and development in their host societies, but also their interactions with immigrant villages in China. Clan, hometown and place-based trade associations have thrown a great influence upon the everyday lives of Chinese settlers since the nineteenth century. And Hong Kong Chinese associations have long been a hub to connect with the Chinese overseas in Southeast Asia and North America since then. They networked with their ethnic counterparts from various regions with the politico-economic change of these regions. It allows us to see how these sojourning Hong Kong migrant associations went through the localization, regionalization and transnationalism over the past centuries in their residential society. The library collections of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) demonstrates that such publications of sojourning migrants associations have been emerged in three different period of time in Hong Kong. This article enumerates and analyzes the associational publications in the Special Collections of the CUHK libraries to see how the Hong Kong Chinese identity developed under various politico-economic environments over the time period from 1840 to current, and their significance to study of the migration history of Hong Kong Chinese.