荒政中的政治生態：以西蘭會議前後的甘肅應急救災為中心（1960.10-1961.3）

The Political Ecology of the Chinese Communist Party in the Famine Relief: A Case Study of Gansu Province (1960.10-1961.3)

目前對於1959年至1961年中國大饑荒的研究較少涉及政府對災難如何因應，及其在結束災難中所扮演的角色，特別是中央政府在獲悉、承認地方災情後第一時間的應急反應；本文以甘肅省為個案就此問題展開討論。在甘肅，1960年12月召開的西蘭會議前後半年，是中央、西北局和省、地、縣各級政府機構應對這場社會危機的關鍵時期，其間採取的措施在顯著地遏制了更為嚴重的後果。各級政府機構強有力的介入，使救災成為極其有效的集體行為，集中展現應急救災中的政治生態，使中共在面臨這場嚴重社會危機時，仍舊能夠自我「糾錯」以維繫政權的平穩過渡。

No more research was conducted on how the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party reacted to the Great Famine of 1960 once it could no longer deny the existence of the famine. This article uses the conditions in Gansu Province in 1961 as a case study to analyze the issue. The Northwest Bureau Conference was held in Lanzhou in December 1960. During the half-year before and after this meeting the Central Government, the Northwest Bureau, the Gansu Provincial Committee, and each level of government all took useful actions to deal with and then stop the Great Famine. The famine relief actions of governments at all levels were critical and effective. This article discusses the political ecology of the Communist Party in the famine relief during the period from October 1960 to March 1961.