論可撤銷法律行為撤銷權行使的方法－－以中國民法典編纂為背景的分析

Methods of the Rescission of Revocable Civil Juristic Acts: Analysis on the Background of Chinese Civil Codification

可撤銷法律行為在撤銷權行使方法上存在訴訟撤銷與自主撤銷兩種制度模式。訴訟撤銷模式與羅馬法上借助於程序手段來塑造當事人的法律關係這一傳統有關。自主撤銷更多地尊重私人自治，便於當事人自主安排其法律事務，而訴訟撤銷更多地體現了國家的控制。在中國民法典編纂中，對於可撤銷的法律行為，應該拋棄傳統的帶有普遍性的訴訟撤銷模式，將自主撤銷確定為原則，只有在有特別的利益需要強化國家的保護和干預的時候，才設立訴訟撤銷模式。

There are two methods of the rescission of revocable civil juristic acts, juridical revocation and non-juridical revocation on one's own initiative. The method of juridical revocation is related to the tradition in Roman law in which the civil juristic relations was formed by procedural method. Juridical revocation reflects the controlling from states, while non-juridical revocation reflects the respect of individual autonomy in case that the parties arrange their legal affairs on their own initiative. In the process of compiling Chinese civil codification, for revocable civil juristic acts, the traditional way of commonly using juridical revocation should be abandoned and replaced by using method of non-juridical revocation as principle. Juridical revocation should only be used when there are special interests which need strong protection and adjustment from authority.