監獄正念戒毒課程的教學理念與學習影響之研究

The Treatment Ideation and Influence of Substance Abuse Treatment Program in Mindfulness Approach in Prison

近年來吸毒入監服刑者有增加趨勢，吸食毒品不但對個人身心及家庭造成嚴重傷害，政府也需負擔相當成本。本研究在探討學習正念對監獄戒毒受刑人之影響，進而發展適合監獄受刑人的正念戒毒課程，以協助監獄戒毒受刑人發展正向力量，作好心理預備，以期出獄後能走上無毒的人生軌道，發展正向健康的社會生活。本研究採質性研究方法，共有19位男性毒品受刑人志願參加這十週的正念課程，透過蒐集與分析學員的練習記錄、回饋單與訪談逐字稿，以了解學員學習正念課程的成效，並透過講師與觀察員的課程紀錄、反思與對話，詮釋與探索課程發展的多元樣貌與意義，藉此反思未來正念戒毒課程調整的方向。研究結果顯示，正念戒毒課程有助於監獄戒毒受刑人提升自我覺察、自我關愛與壓力調適能力，並產生對未來生活的希望感與自信心，萌生正向思考。且透過正念練習喚醒監獄戒毒受刑人的良善與愛的連結，深化安全依附關係的力量，發展對自己與對家人的責任感。本研究課題不僅能提供國內戒毒領域一個新視野，對於政府將來在監獄毒品犯的輔導上，亦能提供重要參考依據。

The substance abuse crime have been increasing over years. Not only does it pose significant harms to the individuals and families, but also it costs a lot for the government. The purpose of this study was to develop the ideation of substance abuse treatment program in mindfulness and learn how it influences on the abusers for developing positive energy and well preparing for healthy life after imprisonment. The qualitative method was used in this study. Totally, 19 male substance abusers were voluntary to participate this ten-session mindfulness program. The practice logs and feedbacks of all participants and the in-depth interview draft were explored to analyze the influence of this program. Besides, the insights from observer and facilitator were also analyzed for the further program recommendations. The results showed this program provides substance abusers the enhancement of self-awareness, self-care, and stress coping skill with a sense of hope for the future. Moreover, participants were encouraged to cultivate kindness and love, and even deepen the sense of security. They were also to uphold responsibility for themselves and their families. It is suggested that the mindfulness approach program could be an appropriate treatment program, which could give a new perspective on rehabilitating the correctional populations.