我國「閱讀起步走」政策創新與擴散之研究──政策知識管理的研究途徑

A Study of Policy Innovation and Diffusion of the Bookstart Program in Taiwan: A Policy Knowledge Management Approach

「閱讀起步走」方案的政策過程涉及不同層級政府的政策創新與擴散，包括從國外到國內、從原台中縣到其他縣市的過程；該過程涉及政策資訊與知識應用等知識管理活動，需要蒐集、處理與應用各種資訊。因此，本研究將政策知識應用與管理視為重要的變數，並提出政策創新與擴散的知識管理模式，且加以驗證。本研究利用問卷調查，以「結構方程模型」（structural equation modeling, SEM）方法探討所提模式變數間的關係，並探討資訊特性、角色認知、個人特質與外部組織關係（垂直、水平）等5 項變數（自變數）的直接效果，以及該5 項自變數如何透過知識應用（中介變數）活動，影響政策之擴散決策（因變數）的間接效果。研究結果顯示，知識管理路徑與效果（包含直接與間接效果）可以解釋53.06% 的擴散決策，超過其他類型自變數之總和。由此可見，知識應用與管理是我國「閱讀起步走」政策創新與擴散決策最重要影響因素。

The policy process of the Taiwan Bookstart program involves policy innovation and diffusion at different levels of government, which includes adapting the policy diffusion process used in foreign countries to Taiwan, and that used in Taichung County to other cities and counties. This process involves the activities of knowledge utilization and management, i.e., collecting, processing, and utilizing a variety of information. Accordingly, this study considers policy knowledge management as important variables, and proposes the knowledge management model of policy innovation and diffusion, as well as verifies the model. This study utilizes the methods of survey and SEM (structural equation modeling) to discuss the relationships among these variables. It also explores the direct effect of as well as the direction effect of seven independent variables—information characteristics, role cognitive, individual characteristics, information satisfaction, knowledge utilization, and external organizational relationships (vertical, horizontal), as well as the indirect effect of these variables through the variables of knowledge management—information satisfaction and knowledge management (two intervening variables). The research results show that the paths and effects of knowledge management account for 53.06% of the variances of the decision-making of policy diffusion, which is greater than that of non-knowledge independent variables. Accordingly, knowledge management can be considered to be the most important factors of the policy innovation and diffusion of the Bookstart program in Taiwan.