樹突細胞呈現多醣體抗原活化T 細胞

The Presentation of Dendritic Cells to T Cells for Polysaccharide

單核球跟巨噬細胞對於發炎調節與先天性免疫中扮演重要角色。樹突細胞特性與單核球和巨噬細胞不同，樹突細胞引起後天性免疫功能，使後天性免疫具有記憶性跟耐受性。傳統上認為樹突細胞具有辦認能力並吞進非宿主抗原（像是蛋白質）在細胞內切成小片段並在周邊淋巴器官呈現給T細胞。最近有研究指出益生菌跟中草藥的多醣體（β-glucan）利用同樣的機制引起後天性T細胞免疫。在這篇文章，整合細菌跟中草藥多醣體的免疫調節功能且使樹突細胞活化。中草藥和益生菌高的分子量多醣體可能一樣使用同一種功能機制調節宿主免疫功能。

Monocytes and macrophages are critical effectors and regulators of inflammation and the innate immune response, which is the immediate, pre-programmed arm of the immune system. Unlike macrophage and monocyte, dendritic cells (DC) can initiate and regulate the highly pathogen- specific adaptive immune responses, and thus are central to the development of immunologic memory and tolerance. Traditionally, endocytosis of antigens is processed to smaller fragments in cytosol of DC, followed by being presented to naïve T cells in peripheral lymphoid organs. Recently, some studies indicated that polysaccharides produced from bacterium Bacteroides frgilis and medicinal herbs containing β-glucan may use similar mechanism to prime adaptive immunity response. In this review I summarize the immune-modulatory role of bacterial and fungus polysaccharides in relationship to DC cells activation. A common and conserved immune modulation machinery may be used by the high molecular polysaccharides prepared from medicinal herbs and probiotic bacteria.