也斯旅遊文學中的多元角度

Multiple Perspectives on Yasi’s Travel Writing

現代旅遊文學曾經作為殖民者建構殖民地擴張計劃的其中一種重要文類，長期以來只聽到白人旅行者的聲音。這種情況到了近年，特別是進入了後殖民時期，變得眾聲喧嘩，被殖民者的旅遊文學相對受到重視，出現了所謂「反旅遊文學」，志在挑戰殖民者的旅遊文學。香港的旅遊文學在這種文學生態變化中還沒有正式加入討論。在香港的作家中，也斯較願意把旅遊的感受紀錄下來，這篇短文通過分析也斯三部跟旅遊有關的作品，《布拉格的明信片》、《記憶的城市．虛構的城市》及《後殖民食物與愛情》，說明其旅遊文學呈現一種跟現代旅遊文學及「反旅遊文學」不同的類型，從中凸顯了香港文化的特色。本文從旅遊文學真實性被弱化、旅行者的多樣性及文類形式的實驗性三方面作為切入點，說明也斯如何建立香港文化中多元角度這個特徵。也斯旅遊文學中的多元角度顯示了現代旅遊寫作另一種可能性，有助突破旅遊文學長期以來困於殖民／後殖民理論的桎梏，讓這種文類充分發揮其本色。

Modern travel writing is highly related to colonization. Initially, emphasis was always on travelogues written by the colonizer. Only recently has the voice of the colonized been heard in travel writing. So-called ＂countertravel＂ writing is a revolt against Western or colonizer's travelogues. Western critics have long been aware of the relationships between colonialism and travel writing and relatively few studies have focused on Hong Kong travel writing and its relationship with this concept. The Hong Kong modernist writer Yasi did a lot of traveling and was willing to write about travel. His Postcards from Prague; Cities of Memory, Cities of Fabrication; and Postcolonial Affairs of Food and the Heart, distinguish themselves from their counterparts-colonizer's travel writing and ＂countertravel＂ writing of those colonized-in terms of perspective. His texts contain fictionalizations of travelogues, a wide range of traveler types, and formal experiments that contribute to the development of the uniqueness of Hong Kong's culture-its multiple perspectives. These multiple perspectives embodied in Yasi's travel writing not only suggest a different kind of travelogue, which brings out the genre's full potential, but also abolish the restraints of colonial and postcolonial theories.