論行為無價值的價值－－基於《行為無價值論批判》解釋的展開

On the Value of the Theory of Handlungsunwert: Based on the Paper of Criticism on the Theory of Handlungsunwert

結果無價值對行為無價值有諸多批評，在學派之爭的基礎上，行為無價值發展苗壯。行為無價值邏輯上能夠自滿，著眼未來法益和國民行為的規範引導，合理區分不能犯和未遂犯。結果無價值在被害人同意問題上不能貫徹到底。在排除違法事由的偶然防 衛上得出無罪的結論，對主觀違法要素考察不周延。法益的概念同樣具有模糊性，只是經驗性的後天裁判工具，不具有規範的先驗自在性，因此不能單獨成為違法的判斷基準。規範是法益侵害處罰的基礎。從規範義務的角度能對特殊案件進行目的理性的構成要件進行實質解釋，不考慮行為人主觀情事的物的違法論擴大了違法範圍，不利於保障人權。從刑法哲學和政治學考慮，我國現行國情不宜實施結果無價值。

The followers of the theory of erfolgsunwert often criticize those who hold Handlungsunwert. Upon the basis of academic debate, the latter prevails. It's believed that handlungsunwert can be complacent on logic, focusing on the future of legal interests and the national norms of behavior guidance, it helps reasonably distinguish between the impossibility and attempted crime. Erfolgsunwert can not carry out in the end in the victim's consent. Those who hold erfolgsunwert may reach the conclusion of innocence in accidental defense, which shows incomplete consideration of the subjective element of illegality. The concept of legal interest is so ambiguous that it can only be used as an acquired judgment tool based on experiences, without a priori free standard, thus it can not become a benchmark to determine the legality of behavior. Relevant laws and regulations are the basis of the law of punishment. From the angle of legal obligations in special cases, it can offer substantive interpretation to the rational elements of components, disregarding the expansion of the scope of the illegal behavior of subjective matter on violation of law, and not conducive to the protection of human rights. Considering from the philosophy of law and politics, China's current national conditions should not be carried out the theory of erfolgsunwert.