2009至2016年隨機殺人事件對臺灣死刑存廢的反省

Introspection of Abolition of Death Penalty under 2009-2016 Random Killings in Taiwan

2009年至2016年臺灣發生多起隨機殺人事件，國人又激起死刑存廢的爭議。死刑的研究在古今中外皆有深厚的學術成果，但是理性思考近年隨機殺人事件背後的問題原因，個人殺人動機當然也有，其實很多是國家政策結構的因素。雖然在國家政策隨著國際公約與國際潮流的方向發展，國家也必須反省相關政策上的缺失，而不是只是把焦點放在死刑廢除與否的爭議上。參考近年國外文獻顯示，廢除死刑幾乎可說是國際潮流。國際特赦組織統計2007年至2012年間80個國家的死刑執行數，其中，有34個國家繼續死刑占總數的42.5％，而46個「沒有執行死刑」的國家占總數的57.5％，所以還有將近一半的國家繼續死刑，其中包含中國、日本和美國。對民主國家來說，民意基礎確實是國家政策的參考，但不是隨著民意改變國家政策方向，隨機殺人事件產生了許多爭議，除了國際人權公約與國際潮流的影響外，本研究主要針對「明定故意殺害12歲以下孩童增訂唯一死刑」、「死刑嚇阻的功能」、「反對廢死與民粹主義」、「人權公約與廢除死刑的推論」、「廢除死刑與替代方案」、「死刑存廢與公民投票」六個死刑政策的爭議點提供些許的建議，希冀透過理性思維探討爭議以作為國家政策的參考。

From 2009 to 2016 there were many incidents of random killings took place in Taiwan, people provoked the abolition of the death penalty controversy. Study Jie death penalty in the past and profound scholarship, but in recent years, random killings Rational Thinking behind the cause of the problem, in fact, many factors of national policy structures, personal motive, of course, too. Although the national policies with the international conventions and the international trend in the direction of development, countries must also reflect on the lack of policy, rather than just focus on whether or not to abolish the death penalty controversy. In recent years, foreign literature reference shows that almost abolished the death penalty can be said that the international trend. Amnesty International statistics perform several of the death penalty in 2007 to 2012 among 80 countries, where 34 countries continue to death accounted for 42.5% of the total, while the state 46 “no death penalty” accounted for 57.5% of the total, so there nearly half of the country continued to continue the death penalty, which includes China, Japan and the United States. Democratic countries, public opinion is indeed a reference to national policy, but not as public opinion changes in national policy direction, random killings generated a lot of controversy, in addition to the impact of international conventions on human rights with the international trend, this study focused on “stipulate willful killing of children under the age of 12 the only updated the death penalty,” “death penalty deterrence capabilities,” “death and populist opposition to waste,” “Convention on Human Rights and abolish the death penalty deduction,” “abolish the death penalty and alternatives,” “abolition of death penalty and referendum” controversial point six death penalty policy to provide some suggestions, hoping to discuss the dispute through rational thought as a reference of national policy.