精神疾患之免疫學、神經退化性與新治療方式：Mematine與Dextromethorphan的研究報告

Inflammatory Process, Neurodegenation and Novel Treatment in Mental Disorders: Study Demonstrations with Memantine and Dextromethorphan

1970 年，治療精神疾病的藥物有突破性研發，但至 1990 年代起，精神藥物研發呈現停 滯狀態。可能是基因與遺傳因素占疾病的絕大部分，卻無法改變；而精神疾病精神病理機制 機轉所知有限。此外，精神疾病之神經性退化情形涉入程度，限制了精神疾病藥物的發展， 如精神分裂症，雙極疾患，藥物濫用，焦慮症，人格疾患等。從其具一定程度社會功能障礙 與腦萎縮現象，可推測這些主要精神性疾病具神經性退化的特質。利用 memantine 及 dextro- methorphan 的抗發炎及神經細胞保護作用的功能，我們已完成了一些針對精神疾病治療性 的動物及人體臨床試驗。因此，由免疫的角度初探，可給予臨床工作者進一步了解主要精神 疾病的退化情形以及研擬新的治療方式。

Since 1970s, psychotropic medications had been remarkably developed. But only limited brand-new drugs have come out of the market since 1990s. Limiting the development of new psychotropic agents has three reasons: high loading of genetic component in major mental illnesses, the pathogeneses of major mental illness still being unknown, and the involvement of neurodegeneration in major mental illnesses. In other words, the high level of social impairment and chronic deteriorating course suggest that many mental illnesses have neurodegenerative characteristics. Using memantine and dextromethorphan for their anti-imflmmato- ry and neuroprotective benefits, we have done some animal and human studies. This overview focusing on the data of those two agents, is intended to help clini- cians and researchers have new thoughts of psychiatric disorders and better idea to develop better treatment.