南台灣青少年涉入霸凌和體重狀態之關聯性

Association between Bullying Involvement and Body Weight Status among Adolescents in Southern Taiwan

目的： 本研究檢驗南台灣在學青少年涉入四種型態的校園霸凌經驗和體重狀態的關聯 性，以及社會人口學、家庭因子、學校因子、同儕親近性、自尊等因子對於此關聯性的調節 效果為何。 方法： 5,621 位青少年受邀參加填寫中文版校園霸凌經驗問卷以評估其涉入校園 霸凌經驗，並依據 International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cutoff references 標準評定體重狀態 是否為體重過低、過重或肥胖，再以一般體重者為對照，進行邏輯迴歸檢驗各型態霸凌涉入 經驗與體重狀態之關聯性，和此關聯性的調節因子為何。 結果： 與一般體重者比較，體重狀 態為過重之青少年有明顯的較高機會為言語和關係霸凌的（ 可能性比率[odd ratio, OR]: 1.098, 95% 信效區間 (confidence interval. [CI]: 1.002-1.204) 以及肢體和財物掠奪霸凌的 (OR: 1.171, 95% CI: 1.033-1.329) 受害者，肥胖之青少年則有明顯的較高機會為言語和關係霸凌的受害者 (OR: 1.110, 95% CI: 1.008-1.221) 或施暴者 (OR: 1.122, 95% CI: 1.017-1.238)；體重過低則未與涉 入霸凌有顯著關聯性；上述檢驗的因子皆對於涉入霸凌和體重狀態之間的關聯性不具有調節 效果。 結論： 本研究結果顯示：對於過重和肥胖的青少年，需對於他們的涉入校園霸凌經驗 進行評估，並發展合適的預防和介入策略。

Objective: The aims of this study were to examine the associations between four types of bullying involvement and three body weight statuses (underweight, overweight and obesity) in adolescents, as well as the moderating effects of socio-demographic characteristics, family factors, school factors, peer affinity, and self-esteem on the associations between bullying involvement and body weight sta-tuses. Method:： Experiences of bullying involvement in 5,621 adolescents were obtained using the self-reported Chinese version of the School Bullying Experi-ence Questionnaire (C-SBEQ). We determined underweight, overweight and obe-sity with the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cutoff references for body mass index (BMI). We examined the associations between four types of bullying involvement and body weight status and the moderating effects of socio-demo-graphic characteristics, family factors, school factors, peer affinity, and self-esteem with logistic regression analysis models, using average body weight as the refer-ence. Results: Compared with those with an average body weight status, we found that overweight adolescents were more likely to be both victims of verbal and re-lational bullying (odd ratio [OR]: 1.098, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.002-1.204) and victims of physical bullying and belongings snatching (OR: 1.171, 95% CI: 1.033-1.329), and that obese adolescents were more likely to be both victims of verbal and relational bullying (OR: 1.110, 95% CI: 1.008-1.221) and perpetra-tors of verbal and relational bullying (OR: 1.122, 95% CI: 1.017-1.238). Being underweight was not found to be significantly associated with any type of bullying involvement. No factors examined in this study showed a moderating effect on the association between bullying involvement and body weight status. Conclusion: To assess the experience of bullying involvement and to develop prevention and intervention programs regarding bullying involvement for overweight/obese ado-lescents are necessary.