南台灣青少年涉入校園霸凌的社會人口學相關因子

Socio-demographic Correlates of Involvement in School Bullying among Adolescents in Southern Taiwan

目的：本橫斷面研究的目的在於檢驗南台灣國一至高三的在學青少年涉入消極和積極型 態的校園霸凌受害和施暴的社會人口學因子為何。方法：6,178 位在學青少年受邀填寫中文 版校園霸凌經驗問卷，依據填寫結果計算涉入校園霸凌（ 包括消極型受害、積極型受害、 消極型施暴、積極型施暴、受害暨施暴）比例，並以邏輯迴歸檢驗各次型態霸凌涉入經驗 與性別、年齡、城鄉居住地、父母親教育程度之相關性為何。結果：男性青少年比女性有較 顯著的機會 (p <0.001) 自陳有各種型態的校園霸凌經驗（ 消極型態的霸凌受害除外）；年輕 青少年比年紀較大者有較顯著的機會 (p <0.001) 自陳有各種型態的校園霸凌受害和受害暨施 暴經驗，但消極或積極型的霸凌施暴則無年齡差異；居住在鄉鎮地區的青少年比居住在城市 者有較顯著的機會 (p <0.001) 自陳有消極型霸凌受害和積極型霸凌施暴經驗；有或無涉入各 種型態的校園霸凌經驗者之間則無父母親教育程度之差異。結論：本研究結果顯示：南台灣 青少年涉入各種型態的校園霸凌經驗具有性別、年齡、城鄉差異性，在發展青少年學生校園 霸凌的預防、偵測和介入策略時，應考慮這些社會人口學差異。

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the sociodemographic correlates of victimization and perpetration of passive and active bullying in a large, representative population of Taiwanese adolescent students in grades 7 through 12. Methods: Victimization and perpetration of passive and active bullying in 6,178 adolescents were determined using of the self-reported Chinese version of the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire (C-SBEQ). We examined the associations between various subtypes of bullying involvement and gender, age, residential background, and parental educational level. Results: The results indicated that boys were more likely than girls to report all subtypes of bullying involvement experiences (p < 0.001) except for victimization of passive bullying. Younger students were more likely than older ones to report all subtypes of bullying victimization and perpetration-victimization (p < 0.001) but not bullying perpetration. Adolescent students who lived in rural areas were more likely to report victimization of passive bullying and perpetration of active bullying than those who lived in urban areas (p < 0.001). No difference in the subtypes of bullying involvement was found between adolescent students who had low and high parental educational levels. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that age, gender and urban-rural differences existed in subtypes of bullying involvement in adolescents. These socio-demographic correlates must be taken into consideration when developing programs for prevention, detection, and intervention of school bullying among adolescents.