男性大學生自覺健康狀況與睡眠品質之相關研究

Correlation between Perceived State of Health and Sleep Quality among University Male Students

目的：這個研究的目的是要探討大學生的睡眠品質與自覺身體健康狀況情形。方法：以國內某大學一年級男學生為研究對象，並以匹茲堡睡眠品質量表(Pittsburgh Sleep QualityIndex, PSQI) 及自覺健康狀況量表進行調查，共發出460 份問卷，回收後經刪除漏答及無效問卷後，有效問卷410 份，有效回收率為89.13%。結果：研究對象之背景變項中「打工情形」(p < 0.001) 與「課外補習或擔任家教」(p < 0.01) 對睡眠品質有顯著影響； 「修習學分數」(p < 0.01) 與「自覺健康狀況總分」(p < 0.01) 和睡眠品質，有顯著的正相關；背景變項能有效預測「睡眠品質」，並可解釋其21% 的總變異量；在各項預測研究對象睡眠品質變項中，以「修習學分數」(p < 0.001) 最具影響力，其他依序為「打工情形」(p < 0.001)及「課外補習或擔任家教」(p < 0.01)。結論：學生的睡眠會受到課業的影響，如果能改善平常的打工狀況與課外補習或擔任家教的情形，或許能有效增進睡眠品質。

Objective: We investigated sleep quality and perceived state of health among university male students. Methods: We distributed 460 copies of two sets of questionnaire (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and a scale of perceived state of health) to male freshmen at a public university in Taiwan. After eliminating invalid and incomplete questionnaires, we collected 410 valid questionnaires, producing a recovery rate of 89.13%. Results: Among background variables, “part time work conditions” (p < 0.001) and “extracurricular studies or tutoring jobs” (p < 0.01) were found to have signifi cant infl uenced on sleep quality. Credit hour load (p < 0.01) and perceived state of health (p < 0.01) were signifi cantly and positively correlated with sleep quality. Background variables could be used to effectively predict sleep quality and to explain 21% of total variance. Credit hour load hour (p < 0.001) was the most signifi cant predictor of sleep quality, followed in descending order by part time work conditions (p < 0.001), extracurricular studies and tutoring jobs (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Credit hour load hour was found to be a signifi - cant factor of infl uence on sleep. Students can effectively enhance their sleep quality by striving for a healthy balance between their existing course load and their part time work, extracurricular studies, and tutoring jobs.