台灣漢族男性酒精依賴病人於近期解毒後施測第三版魏氏成人智力量表的分項差距

Discrepancy of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III Scores in Recently Detoxifi ed Han Taiwanese Male Alcoholic Patients

目的：第三版魏氏成人智力量表(WAIS-III)由14個分測驗構成的四個因素指標建立，包括語文理解(VCI)、知覺組織(POI)、工作記憶(WMI)、與處理速度(PSI)，係一多項度的測量工具。本研究是用來探討台灣漢民族男性酒精依賴病人於WAIS-III的表現與分項差距。方法：病人在住院解毒治療至少七天後接受WAIS-III檢查。異常分項差距的定義為：病人的分項差距分數與常模相差一個標準差以上，即語文智商(VIQ)／操作智商(PIQ)或VCI與POI分別相差14或17分以上。結果：33位病人（平均年齡：40.8±7.4歲）完成施測。和常模相較，酒精依賴病人具有較低的PIQ，這與其在POI(p<0.05)以及PSI(p<0.05)表現在統計學上具有意義差異。10(30.3%)、8(24.2%)、與9(27.3%)位病人分別具有異常VIQ-PIQ、VCI-POI、WMI-PSI分項差距。在PIQ分測驗中，圖畫補充、圖形設計、與連環圖系在異常分項差異組(N=12)的分數顯著低於非異常分項差距組(N=21)。社會人口學與飲酒相關參數在兩組之間並無統計學上有意義的差異。結論：進行酒精解毒之後的台灣男性酒精依賴病人具有較差的操作智商，亦有較高比率呈現異常VIQ-PIQ、VCI-POI、WMIPSI分項差距。

Objectives: Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to neuropsychological impairment. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III) provides sub-domain information of intellectual functioning. In this study we aimed to investigate the abnormal discrepancies in WAIS-III among Han Taiwanese male patients with alcohol dependence. Methods: Following one-week of alcohol detoxifi cation treatment, male inpatients fulfi lling the DSM-IV criteria of alcohol dependence were assessed using WAIS-III. We defi ned abnormal discrepancy as the score difference between verbal intelligent quotient (VIQ) and performance intelligent quotient (PIQ), verbal comprehension index (VCI) and perceptual organization index (POI), and working memory index (WMI) and processing speed index (PSI) greater than 15, 17, and 21, respectively. We compared differences of demographic and clinical variables between patients with (discrepancy group) or without (nondiscrepancy group) abnormal VIQ/PIQ or VCI/POI discrepancies. Results: Thirty- three male patients (mean age: 40.8 ± 7.4 years) completed the WAIS-III evaluation. Compared to the norm, alcoholic subjects were found to have lower PIQ scores, due to signifi cantly poorer POI (p < 0.05) and PSI (p < 0.05) performance. There were abnormal VIQ/PIQ, VCI/POI, or WMI/PSI discrepancies in 10 (30.3%), 8 (24.2%), and 9 (27.3%) patients, respectively. The POI subtest scores, including picture completion, block design, and picture arrangement, were signifi cantly lower (p < 0.05) in the discrepancy group (N = 12) than non-discrepancy group (N = 21). Both groups did not differ signifi cantly in demographic or drinking-related variables. Conclusion: Compared to Taiwanese norm, our recently detoxifi ed alcoholic males were likely to have lower PIQ. They also showed higher frequencies of abnormal VIQ/PIQ, VCI/POI, or WMI/PSI discrepancies as defi ned by the study.