不同形式導覽圖於公共展覽空間之尋路績效探討

Effects of Different Guide Map Forms on Wayfinding Performance in Public Exhibition Spaces

導覽圖為公共展覽空間之資訊縮影，導覽圖設計優劣與否，將直接影響展覽空間之參訪品質。因此本研究將以國立自然科學博物館為主要的研究場域，旨在探討平面與立體之導覽圖，對於不同空間能力參觀者，其認知特性與尋路績效差異之關係性。實驗方式首先透過立意抽樣評選符合本研究調查對象之兩性高、低空間能力者，其次給予受測者現有平面導覽圖與重新設計之新式立體導覽圖並進行四項尋路任務，最後透過統計假設檢定及多變量變異數分析來檢定不同性別之空間能力者對於使用平面及立體導覽圖尋路績效之差異。由實驗調查結果得知，無論空間能力與性別差異，皆顯示使用立體導覽圖在尋路績效、行為記憶表現亦或是使用意識評價皆較使用平面導覽圖優異。

Guide maps are valuable because they provide an overview of the spatial information of public exhibition spaces. The quality of guide map designs directly influences visitors’ understanding of the overall layout of exhibition spaces. The guide map at the National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS) has been in operation since the establishment of the museum in Taiwan and is inadequate for current navigation requirements. Therefore, this study focused on the NMNS of Taiwan and investigated the influence of planar and three-dimensional (3D) guide maps on the cognitive features and wayfinding performance of visitors with varying spatial abilities. Male and female participants exhibiting high and low spatial abilities were first recruited using purposive sampling. Subsequently, the existing planar guide map was evaluated and redesigned into a 3D guide map that was applied to four wayfinding tasks at the NMNS. The differences in the wayfinding performance between the planar and 3D guide maps were evaluated using statistical hypothesis testing and multivariate analysis of variance. The results revealed that regardless of spatial abilities or gender, the participants consistently provided higher ratings to the 3D guide map than they did to the planar guide map in terms of wayfinding, behavioral, or usage experience. Specifically, 3D guide maps have become a pioneering index for achieving universal design.