美海軍「空氣潛水減壓」程序應用探討

The Introduction of U.S. Navy Air Diving Decompression Mode Application

本研究旨在探討採美海軍「潛水教範」2008年第六版為基礎，驗證潛水教範修正後之「減壓程序」內容，有助於國軍軍事潛水安全適用性之提升，藉由軍事潛水之專業與安全實例，提供國內職業潛水安全之參考。本研究歷經近四年時間，以海軍水械專長班83期～95期為研究對象，研究設備採用國軍高雄總醫院左營分院潛水醫學部之「濕艙模擬潛水訓練」室，此設備為國內獨一無二的模擬潛深之訓練設施，提供國軍特殊潛水單位訓練、諮詢及潛水醫療之單位。參與研究驗證樣本人數計303位學員，使用水肺潛水個人裝備，執行120呎濕艙模擬潛水訓練，採無須減壓潛水程序（NO’D）所得資料進行分析。研究結果：1.舊有版本僅探討空氣潛水減壓內容，新版仍適用空氣潛水（IWAIR），另將減壓模式增加水中空氣／氧氣（IWAIR/O2）及水面氧氣（SURD O2）減壓三種模式；2.新版潛水減壓程序，以濕艙環境控制驗證下，皆符合人員安全。建議：未來可針對水面供氦氧混合氣潛水進行驗證，使潛水研究更趨完備。

The purpose of this research is to prove the contents of the modified “decompression procedure” which boosts the safty of the military diving. The decompression procedure was updated from “U.S. Naval Diving Manual 2008, version 6”. According to the profession of the military diving and actual examples related to safety, these can be referenced by domestic vocational diving. This research was taken almost four years and the trainees of Naval Second Class Diver Course from the 83th class to the 95th class were researched targets. The researching equipment was chosen the “wet decompression chamber” in Diving Medical Department of Zouying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital. The chamber is the unique domestic facility for simulate deep-diving training. The Diving Medical Department offers the chamber for special diving units of military to perform training, seek advice and for other diving medical units. The verifying samples of study were 303 trainees who used SCUBA diving equipment to conduct 120 feet simulate diving training in the wet chamber. The data which was gotten from no-decompression diving procedures was analyzed. The studying result: 1. the old version was only discussed about air diving decompression which was used air. The in-water decompression on air still can be used and add another 2 decompression modes which are in-water decompression on air and oxygen, and surface decompression on oxygen. 2. The new version diving decompression procedure under controlling the environment of the wet chamber is verified to meet personnel’s safety. Suggestion: in the future, we can focus on verifying surface supplied diving on helium and oxygen mixed gas to make the diving research perfect.