六價鉻對電鍍業勞工氧化傷害指標影響評估研究

Effects on Electroplating Workers of Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium

本研究針對台灣地區16家硬鉻電鍍工廠230位沒有吸菸習慣的勞工，以作業環境空氣採集 樣品、勞工個人採集尿液樣品、頭髮採集樣品、手指甲樣品與問卷評估六價鉻暴露對人體DNA 氧化傷害指標（尿液中8-羥基-2-去氧鳥嘌呤核甘）與脂質過氧化傷害指標（尿液中丙二醛）之 影響。尿液中8-羥基-2-去氧鳥嘌呤核甘（8-OHdG）與尿中鉻、頭髮鉻、手指甲鉻之相關性， 以及尿液中丙二醛（MDA）與尿中鉻、頭髮鉻、手指甲鉻之相關性，則以線性混合效應迴歸 模式評估分析。 電鍍槽作業環境空氣中之總鉻與六價鉻濃度接顯著高於辦公室作業區，六價鉻暴露勞工 之尿中鉻、頭髮鉻、手指甲鉻、尿中8-OHdG、尿中MDA濃度接顯著高於對照組勞工。電鍍槽 工作、每天工作時數、尿中鉻為尿中8-OHdG的三個顯著影響因子；電鍍槽工作、每天工作時 數、尿中鉻為尿中MDA的三個顯著影響因子。暴露六價鉻會增加電鍍業勞工DNA氧化傷害與 脂質過氧化傷害的風險。

This study evaluates oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in workers who are exposed hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in electroplating factories. The study participants were 230 nonsmoking male workers from 16 electroplating companies in Taiwan. Workplace air samples, spot urine samples, hair samples, fingernail samples and questionnaires were used to quantify Cr(VI) exposure, oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, demographic data, and environmental pollutants. Linear mixed-effect regression models were employed to estimate the relationship between workers’ urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and Cr levels in urine, hair and fingernail, and that between their malondialdehyde (MDA) and Cr levels in urine, hair and fingernail. Both the geometric mean concentrations of ambient total Cr and Cr(VI) in the electroplating areas significantly exceeded those in the offices. The mean concentrations of Cr in urine, hair and fingernail, and urinary 8-OHdG, and MDA in the Cr(VI) exposed workers exceeded those in the control subjects. Work in electroplating areas, work hours per day and urinary Cr were significantly associated with both urinary 8-OHdG and MDA, after adjustments for covariates. Exposure to Cr(VI) could lead to an increased risk of oxidative DNA injury and lipid oxidative deterioration in electroplating workers.