從新住民語文教育談活絡大學東南亞通識課程的可能性

The Possibility of the New-Immigrant Language Education Improving Quality of General Courses Pertaining to Southeast Asia at Universities in Taiwan

臺灣東南亞學長期以政經領域發展為主，相對也影響國內大學東南亞通識課程的發展。國內東南亞通識課程本就稀少，不是涵蓋於多元文化教育之下，就是以各國政經介紹、國際志工服務、簡易語文學習或社會文化概論等課程為主，教學重點或側重政經、或訴求人道關懷，或以淺白導論為主，而往往忽略了東南亞豐厚的文化資產。究其因，主因文化和語言密不可分，由於國內東南亞語文專才短缺，致使也欠缺能教授東南亞文化的專業師資；加上國人對東南亞人士長期的誤解與歧視，連帶影響了學習東南亞文化的風氣。改變社會風氣，必須從教育做起。國內新住民除大陸、港、澳人士外，主要為東南亞人士，其已躍升為臺灣社會第四大族群，有鑑於母語受教權與培植東南亞專才的重要性，教育部將新住民語文列入「十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱」，課程預定實施方式和其他本土語文（閩南、原、客語）相同。透過新住民語文教育的實施，可以期待國人對新住民族群接受度的改變，這相對也會影響高等教育的實施，特別是強調博雅教育的通識課程，有可能因為學習東南亞文化風氣的改善，而一改政經導向，使大學東南亞課程邁向更多元豐富的課程設計。因此本文將從新住民語文教育角度切入，說明其對國內大學東南亞通識課程的可能性影響。

Southeast Asian Studies of Taiwan mainly have been based on studies in the areas of politics and economy for a long time. It also affects the development of general courses pertaining to Southeast Asia. Taiwan's Southeast Asian courses are usually under multicultural education courses or serve as an introduction to various other courses such as politics, economy, local society, and culture of Southeast Asia, international volunteer services, basic foreign language learning, and etc. The main points of teaching always focus on politics, economy, humanity or introduction, but rich cultural heritage of Southeast Asia have often been ignored. What causes this result? Because of the lack of teachers in the field of the Southeast Asian culture. Meanwhile, Taiwanese have a misunderstanding toward people of Southeast Asia for quite some time. That in turn influences the studies of Southeast Asian culture. In order to cultivate Southeast Asian talents and guarantee the education right in mother tongue, the Ministry of Education in Taiwan will add new-immigrant language curriculum in the 12-year compulsory education in the future. If new-immigrant language education is implemented, Taiwanese may improve their attitudes toward new immigrants, and it will have some effects on general education. These effects may include strengthening the learning atmosphere of Southeast Asian culture and diversifying Southeast Asian general courses. In summary, if new-immigrant language education can be successfully implemented in Taiwan, it may lead to positive effects on general education courses pertaining to Southeast Asia at the university level.