胡適的大學教育觀

Hu Shi’s Ideals of University Education

本文主要探討胡適的中國大學教育觀，以其留學及在大學任教之經驗，進一步形塑胡適心目中理想大學之風貌。胡適有七年留學美國之經驗，接受現代化大學教育之洗禮，他的現代教育觀為何，也是本文所欲探究之處。胡適信仰個人主義，使其與現代性有了連接之處。他的點滴社會改良論，在於對問題所審慎之分析，並提出解決方法，對於教育改革有所啟發。進者，他認為大學在現代化進程上具有重要角色，大學應該致力於科學研究，以帶動中國的發展。胡適對於中國學術思想的現代化，具有重要影響力；但對中國大學教育的改革，相對地來得比較小。

The object of this article is to explore Hu Shi’s ideas of education and their effects on the modernization of education, especially university education, in China in early twentieth century. Hu studied in the United States for seven years and accepted modern university education. Another object of this article is to inquire into Hu’s ideas of modern education. Hu believed individualism and independent thinking was an initiating factor of modernity. Hu posited the concept of “step-by-step reform,” whereby each problem would be coped with a corresponding resolution. Furthermore, he claimed that universities should play an important role in the process of modernization and they should become places for scientific research to improve the development of china. Hu’s concept of “step-by-step reform” could inspire education reform. On modernization of Chinese academic thought, Hu had an important influence, while his influence is relatively small on the reform of Chinese university.