中國大陸海洋可再生能源開發利用的立法現狀與建議

On the Current Legislation and Suggestions regarding the Exploration and Utilisation of Marine Renewable Energy in China

有關海洋可再生能源開發與使用的法制建設，中國大陸尚在初始階段。其中一個很重要原因在於開發海洋可再生能源的技術還不夠先進，目前除潮汐發電技術比較成熟之外，其他類型的海洋可再生能源發電技術大多還處於試驗階段。本文旨在檢視中國大陸目前的相關立法，評析其能否調整在開發與使用海洋可再生能源時所產生的法律關係。除了需立法明確海洋可再生能源的範疇之外，在研發技術所需的資金方面，建議透過法律的形式將市場融資制度化。此外，可以考慮設立專項基金制度。同時，也應構建關於海洋可再生能源的環境評估與預防制度。

The legal governance framework regarding the exploration and utilization of marine renewable energy in China is still in its infancy. One of the key factors was the technological barrier in exploring marine renewable energy. At present, tidal power generation is more developed, other types of marine renewable energy are still at the experimental stage. The aim of this paper is to assess legislation in relation to the exploration and utilization of marine renewable energy. It is suggested that legislation needs to provide a clear definition related to marine renewable energy. For the resources to develop technology, it is highly desirable to have a market financing system in place through legal means. In addition, the establishment of special fund system is recommended. The environmental impact assessment and precautionary mechanisms are also needed in the development of marine renewable energy.