醫療機構護理人員情緒智慧與職業倦怠關係之研究

The Relationship Between the Emotional Intelligence and Burnout: An Empirical Study on Nursing Staffs in Healthcare Institutions

目的：病人安全的議題已成為我國健康政策所關切的重要一環。於醫療機構中護理人員是病患照顧與病痛減輕的最直接與親密的人員。隨著醫療給付制度的改變與病患對於醫療照顧之品質、速度與效率的需求快速變遷，護理人員對於工作中所產生之壓力感受及職業倦怠反應也隨著增加，其結果將對病患安全構成威脅，因此其所造成的影響不容忽視。本研究以瞭解護理人員的情緒智慧能力與職業倦怠現況，並探討其間之關係。方法：以台灣中部地區四家區域教學醫院之400位護理人員為研究對象，採用問卷調查方式，以立意抽樣方法，探討醫療機構中從事護理工作人員之情緒智慧與職業倦怠的關係。結果：護理人員隨著個人背景之不同，在情緒智慧與職業倦怠上有顯著差異；其次，護理人員的情緒智慧能力與職業倦怠確實存有顯著相關性。結論：可提供建議給醫院管理者於擬定各項改善護理人員職業倦怠之在職教育訓練課程與管理策略之參考，進而能提升醫療工作團隊之績效、病患安全及整體醫療照護品質。

Objective: Patient safety has become a critical issue for national healthcare in Taiwan. Along with physicians, nurses must consider safety while caring for patients. Because of rapid changes in the reimbursement system and in patient needs, the workload of nurses has increased and this may cause fatigue and result in a threat to patient safety. Fatigue may lead to burnout in some nurses. As a result, the aims of this study were to understand the current situation and to explore the effect of emotional intelligence on burnout. Methods: We used a structured questionnaire with a convenience sample of 340 nurses from four regional hospitals in central Taiwan. Results: Our results showed significant differences in the characteristics of those with an administrative job and those without one. There were also significant differences in emotional management, feelings for others, interpersonal relationships, and burnout. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we have provided managers of hospital systems with some suggestions for arranging on-the-job training and developing managerial strategies to improve the performances of the medical team and the safety and quality of patient care.