父母對於青少女接種人類乳突病毒疫苗接受度與影響因素探討

Factors Associated with Parental Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Adolescents

目的：人類乳突病毒(Human Papillomavirus, HPV)是子宮頸癌的致病因子，接種HPV疫苗成為防治子宮頸癌的新選項。國中女生是最適合接種的目標群體，父母的接受度是影響接種率的關鍵。本研究目的在於探索父母對於女兒接種HPV疫苗之接受度及其相關影響因素。方法：本研究為全國性調查，以健康信念模式為理論架構，以國中女生的父母為研究對象，以分層集群抽樣方式，透過學校蒐集問卷，共回收問卷1369份（回收率89.8%）。除描述性統計與卡方檢定外，使用逐步羅吉斯迴歸分析探討影響疫苗接受度之因素。結果：只有47.3%的父母聽過H P V，且對於相關知識的認知不足。90.6％的父母同意讓女兒免費接種HP V疫苗，但受到經濟因素的影響，只有49.4%的父母同意女兒自費接種。歸納羅吉斯迴歸分析結果發現顯著影響父母接受度的相關因素為「經濟面因素」、「疫苗安全性及效用」及「與性行為相關的顧慮」。結論：父母對HPV相關知識不足，若能排除經濟因素與疫苗安全性及效用等顧慮，應能提高父母讓子女接種HPV疫苗的意願。

Objectives: Human Papillomavirus ( HPV ) is the pathogenic factor in cervical cancer. HPV vaccination has become a new option available for the prevention of cervical cancer. As junior high school girls are most likely to benefit from the vaccinations, parental acceptance is found to be crucial in affecting the vaccination rate. This research explored parental acceptance of HPV vaccination and identified factors associated with parental acceptance. Methods: This nationwide survey was based on the health belief model, targeted parents of junior high school girls, and used a stratified clustered sampling method. This study employed structured questionnaires through the schools and invited a total of 1369 parents to participate. The response rate was 89.8%. In addition to using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, this study applied stepwise logistic regression to explore those factors associated with acceptance of vaccinations. Results: Only 47.3% parents had ever heard of HPV. While 90.6% of the parents agree that their daughters could receive free HPV vaccinations, only 49.4% agree to pay fees because of economic obstacles. Results of logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors associated with parental acceptance of vaccinations were economic factors, safety and efficacy of vaccines, and scruples about sexual behaviors. Conclusions: Parents commonly have insufficient knowledge about HPV. If economic factors and concerns about safety, efficacy, and sexual behavior were dealt with, then parental acceptance of their daughters having HPV vaccinations might be enhanced.