住院病患跌倒事件分析──以某區域教學醫院為例

Falls Among Hospital Inpatients: The Case of a Regional Teaching Hospital in Taiwan

本研究乃針對住院病患跌倒事件之相關因素作深入探討，以了解住院病患跌倒事件的現況及病患跌倒之相關因素分析，並提出適切可行建議供醫療院所管理階層和醫護人員參考，以及提升病患照護的品質。本研究採回溯性調查研究方法，研究對象以中部某區域教學醫院2004年1月至2007年6月期間，有紀錄通報之住院病人跌倒意外事件共118案例，針對跌倒病患之性別、年齡、住院單位、主要診斷、入院天數、發生時段、發生地點、正在進行的活動、傷害等級、受傷部位及跌倒原因等，進行變項分析。研究結果發現住院病患跌倒事件中，各變項發生率最多者分別是：性別方面以男性居多，佔65.56%；年齡方面則以60歲以上者，佔61.02%；至於病患住院單位以綜合外科佔22.03%；病患主要疾病的診斷，為呼吸及神經系統疾病；跌倒發生於病患入院後第2-3天最多；最常發生時間為中午12點至15點59分；跌倒最常見的地點為病室；發生時病人多數正在行走中；跌倒當時以有家屬陪伴最多；跌倒所造成的傷害多數為輕級（一級）傷害；受傷部位為頭部受傷最多；造成跌倒原因則為身體虛弱最多。根據研究結果，本論文提出建議，希冀透過醫護人員、醫療院所管理階層及醫院設施等三方面的努力，可以確保提升住院病人的安全，增進病患醫療照護品質。

This study was conducted to examine factors related to incidents of falling among hospital inpatients. The goals were to determine the conditions under which falls occurred, analyze factors related to falls, and provide suggestions for hospitals regarding prevention of falls. We reviewed 118 recorded incidents of falling in a teaching hospital in central Taiwan. The variables analyzed included gender, age, hospital unit, primary diagnosis, number of days of hospitalization at the time of the incident, time and place of the incident, activity preceding the incident, type and severity of the injury, and reasons for falling. Most incidents involved men (65.6%) and patients older than 60 years (61.02%). Falls occurred most frequently in the surgery department, and the most common primary diagnoses were diseases of the respiratory and nervous systems. The incident typically occurred after 2 to 3 days of hospitalization and took place between 12:00 AM and 3:59 PM in the sickroom. The most common activity preceding the incident was walking. The study results point to various methods of ensuring the safety of hospital inpatients and improving the quality of patient care.