影響護理人員對於護理照護活動認知差異之相關性分析

Nurses' perception of quality nursing care

本研究目的係在瞭解現今的護理人員對護理照護活動的認知差異，並進一步探討護理人員之人口學特質對護理照護活動之影響。本研究以台中市某區域醫院之護理人員為研究對象，透過結構式問卷進行調查。統計方法包含描述性統計、t檢定及one-way ANOVA及皮爾森積差相關。共發出100份問卷，回收有效問卷97份。結果顯示護理人員最重視的構面依序為：護理技術、執業態度、判斷及處理問題、團隊合作、支持與鼓勵、提供資訊。變異數分析結果顯示，護理人員是否擔任管理職在支持與鼓勵、執業態度兩構面皆呈現顯著差異性（p＜.05)。相關分析顯示各構面之重視程度，彼此呈顯著正相關。受到健保財務緊縮的影響，醫院成本考量下，僅能以最精簡的成本來配置護理人力，導致護理人員在忙於工作之餘，無形中也忽略了護病關係的經營。為了實現「以病人為中心」之「好的護理」，政策制訂者或護理管理者都必須了解護理人員對護理照護活動的認知，並針對差異進行改善。期望能在提供專業護理技術之外，也能關心病人內心需求，提供兼具生理、心理、社會及靈性的全人護理。

The article describes a study that explored the perceptions quality nursing care among nurses. The data were collected with a purpose-designed, structured questionnaire. A self-report questionnaire evaluating nursing skills, assessment and action, information provision, spiritual support, teamwork, and attitude as dimensions of “Good Nursing” was developed. The study was carried out in a central Taiwan regional hospital. A total of 100 nurses took part. The response rate was 97%. The data was analyzed by ANOVA test, Student's t test, and Pearson's correlation test Results indicated that nurses’ rankings of nursing care were nursing skills, attitude, assessment and action, teamwork, spiritual support, and information provision. There were differences between nurse assessments on the spiritual support and attitude subscales, with administrator ship having higher scores. The correlations showed that all the dimensions of nursing activity are significantly positively related. The limitations of budget affect Taiwan’s health care system. Increasing needs and decreasing resources suggest the need to focus more on the quality nursing care. It is recommended that nursing administrators should be especially mindful of such variation in terms of nurses’ perception of nursing activity. By identifying such variation and educating nursing staff, professional practice can be implemented and holistic care may occur.