在工作場所受測者對於滑跤之感受與認知之研究

Perception of Slipping of the Foot in Workplace

滑跤事故是職業傷害的主要肇因之一。以往國際上的研究多專注於鞋底與地板材料摩擦特性之探討，而忽略了與人感覺有關的課題。本研究招募了十名男性受測對象，以兩種速度行走於兩種不同的油滑路面之上。行進時，兩部攝影機可拍攝受測者之腳跟在地面之滑動情形，而受測者對於其腳步滑動之感覺可由一個五等第之問答來分析。實驗結果顯示受測者對於一、二公分的滑動之偵測能力很低（P（A）在0.5~0.6之水準），而P（A）值之範圍大致與文獻記載相同。在不同的速度下行走時，受測者對於滑跤之偵測能力也不相同，在低速行走時，受測者對滑跤有較高之偵測能力。另外，受測者對於滑跤之感受和鞋跟在地板上滑動之實際情形未必吻合，其間之差異可能是由於地面之視覺特性（如顏色、反光程度）或者其他未考慮到的因素所造成的。

Slipping is one of the major causes of occupational injuries. Past investigations were concentrated on the discrimination of the friction characteristics of shoe/floor materials. Human perception of slipping of the foot was ignored. This research tested ten male subjects on two different oil-contaminated floors under two different walking speeds. The slipping behaviors of the feet were recorded by two cameras. The response of the subjects were measured by a five-scale-rating questionnaire. The results showed that the capabilities of the subjects to detect a very short slip were low. The range of P(A) was consistent with what has been reported in literature. The capabilities to detect slipping under two different walking speeds were also different. Higher sensitivity were obtained under low walking speed. In addition, the perception of slipping of the subjects might be different from what have actually happened. This might be caused by the visual characteristics of the floor.