日本歷史上對國際法中立法規的適用

The Law of Neutralized States Applied in Japanese History

由於國際法的中立法規是規範中立國基於商業利益而採取的行動，作為一個跨國關係的實踐過程，特別是像中立這樣與國家間權利義務相互影響的歷史標記，必然與國際法上戰爭觀的改變息息相關。本文探討日本從19世紀中葉開始研究中立的歷史背景，進而介紹日本其後如何運用中立制度，以及在二次大戰之後差點實施「非武裝中立」的過程，做為新興國家處於強國衝突夾縫時，要維持獨立與安全保障，向國際大家庭訴求加入國際法體系的基礎認識。

Under International law, the law of neutralized states is to govern the practice procedures of the economic relations between neutralized states and other countries. The reciprocal rights and obligations of neutralized states when engaging international relation with other, are closely related to the evolving concept of armed conflicts developed within the international community. This article aims to provide basic understandings of the law of neutrality under international law by first shedding some lights on the historical backgrounds of states neutrality and then discussing how Japanese government had struggled to maintain its independence and national security after WWII through the enforcement of the idea of “neutrality from armed conflicts.”