劉峙與中原軍事準備

Chiang Kai-shek's Military Preparation in Henan by Liu Zhi

北伐完成後，蔣介石主政下的國民政府雖在名義上統一中國，但地方實力派仍對中央權威進行挑戰，從而爆發1930年的中原大戰。經雙方鏖戰，此役以政府軍獲勝告終，蔣介石最重要的戰果之一就是取得河南省的控制權，中央政令到達黃河一線。此後，面對日本對華北的虎視眈眈，以及北方反蔣軍人的異動，與中共的鄂豫皖蘇區之威脅，河南遂成為國民政府插足華北的灘頭堡。不論為了建設安內，抑或是備戰攘外，河南的經營至關重要。本文擬以1930年底劉峙奉命主持河南省政為例，至1935年底去職為止，探討在當時內憂外患環境下，蔣介石「建國」與「備戰」同時並進的思考與決策，是否曾下達至省級政治上，試圖了解此時劉峙對於河南省政的經營，達到了何種效果。本論文希望透過劉峙對河南的經營及華北灘頭堡的建立，得以明瞭蔣介石在抗戰前的「備戰」不只是紙上談兵，其在中國抗戰準備進程中實有一定的作用。

Chiang completed the nominally unified the whole country in 1928. In fact, there were some local power usually still challenges the Central government‘s authority. It provoked the Central Plains War in 1930, and Chiang finally won, therefore, he took the control of Henan province, the frontier of the Yellow River. It helps Chiang to have more time to prepare against war to Japan. This essay is tried to discuss the the military preparation by Liu Zhi in the end of 1930 who was implemented Chinag’s order to re-build the instruction of Henan. The Henan’s situation was not very stable, Liu had to destroy the Chinese Communist’s army and internal betrayer. The tough duty was also to execute the Chiang Kai-shek’s blueprint of “national construction”and “war preparation”. Before 1935 Liu’s resignation, such military preparation and national construction can be achieved and its contributions for the war to Japan.