直結式呼吸防護具濾罐對有機蒸氣之效率評估

Efficiency Evaluation of Respirator Cartridge to Organic Vapor

本報告以異丙醇、乙酸乙酯及四氯化碳的標準試驗氣體，在模擬的環境下測試直結式呼吸防護具之濾罐的破出時間，並且觀察濾罐的結構與活性炭濾材的性質，作為評估效率的依據。8個廠牌16種不同型式的有機濾毒罐接受測試，濾罐對有機蒸氣的破出時間隨有機溶劑種類而異，異丙醇最長，其次依序為乙酸乙酯及四氯化碳。就破出時間要長而阻抗要小的觀點而言，不同國家各廠牌之濾罐各有優劣。若活性炭的重量及充填方式相同，則活性炭的本質是造成濾罐效率差異的重要因素，10％的破出時間與單位克數活性炭吸附有機溶劑的莫耳數呈線性的關係，亦與活性炭的甲基藍數（methylene blue number）呈有意義的相關。

This study evaluated efficiency of respirator cartridge to organic vapor of isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and carbon tetrachloride in a simulated environment. Based on breakthrough time to organic vapor, cartridge configuration and property of activated charcoal, sixteen products from eight manufacturers were compared. Breakthrough time to organic vapor varied with organic solvents, and decreased with isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and carbon tetrachloride in sequence. Upon the requirement of long breakthrough time and low resistance, each brand cartridge from the diffrent countries had strong and weak points. In addition to the weight and packing of activated charcoal in a cartridge, the property of activated charcoal was a main factor for cartridge efficiency. The 10% breakthrough time linearly correlated to the mole number of solvent in unit gram of activated charcoal. A significant correlation between the 10% breakthrough time and the methylene blue number in unit gram of activated charcoal was also disclosed.