局部排氣電腦輔助設計

A Computer-aided Local Exhaust Ventilation Design Program

局部排氣設備是事業單位所普遍採用的作業場所空氣污染物控制方式之一。我國勞工安全衛生法規對局部排氣設備的使用時機、性能需求及其設置原則等均有所規範。但是，局部排氣設備的設計所需考量的因素甚多，舉凡氣罩的設計選擇、導管的配置安排乃至導管氣流的壓力平衡計算都必須妥善考慮，方能使局部排氣設備充分配合勞工的作業狀況發揮應有的功能，達到保護勞工健康的目的。其中尤以導管壓力的平衡計算為一般工業通風設計者最感困難之處。本文係配合勞工安全衛生研究所所開發的局部排氣設備設計電腦程式，介紹此套軟體所採用的設計基本學理、使用程式所需的軟硬體配合以及程式的基本功能。此套軟體根據ACGIH的局部排氣設備設計概念，參酌我國勞工安全衛生法規對局部排氣設備控制風速的要求，幫助工業通風設計者根據正確的設計理念進行設計工作，使事業單位所使用的局部排氣設備達到保護勞工健康的標準。其中ACGIH所使用的設計經驗數據亦使用迴歸方式整理成經驗方程式，使設計工作更容易進行。

The local exhaust ventilation is one of the most popular methods used by the industry to control the air-borne pollution in the working sites. The occupational safety and hygiene regulations of our country also put some mandatory requirements on the local ventilation system used by the employers. These requirements include the situation a local ventilation system is required, the minimum performance of a system, and the installation guidelines. However, there are many factors should be considered when a local ventilation system is designed. A local ventilation system can never perform as expected and protect the health of a worker without caution on the hood design and selection, the pipe layout, as well as the piping pressure calculation and balance. Among these, to calculate and balance the pressure in the piping system is the most difficult job encountered by common industry hygienists. In order to help industry hygienists solve above technical problems, Institute of Occupational Safety and Health published a computer software package for the design of a local ventilation system. This package adopts the design concept of ACGIH and also considers the control velocity required by our domestic occupational safety and hygiene regulation. This paper will introduce the basic concept this software package is based upon, the hard-and software requirements of the package, and the general function of the package. Also, some of the empirical data issued by ACGIH are regressed as empirical formulae. This will make an easy computation possible.