漢語範距的平行原則與經濟原則

Scopal Parallelism and Economy in Mandarin Chinese

1980 年代起，受英語範距研究的影響，Huang (1981)、Huang (1982a, 1982b)、Lee (1986)、Aoun & Li (1989, 1993a) 及Liu (1997) 等漢語語言學家從不同角度詮釋英、漢語範距之基本差異，使得以「同形原則」為基礎之漢語範距研究，在經驗實證或理論上漸臻成熟。本世紀初，Fox (2000) 著眼於範距與「平行原則」及「經濟原則」的交互作用，印證了「範距經濟原則」及概化的「刪除範距原理」。這股新趨勢在日語範距研究得到相同的印證 (Takahashi 2008)，可是至今未見在漢語範距研究的適用性檢驗。於是本文乃著手進行此一探討，歸納出漢語範距在刪略句中所呈現的各種可能類型，檢驗後發現漢語範距現象，符合範距平行與經濟原則之要求，在範距語法理論上與英、日語一致。

Issues of scope in Mandarin Chinese have been explored by linguists from different perspectives, such as S.-F. Huang (1981), C.-T. Huang (1982a, 1982b), Lee (1986), Aoun & Li (1989, 1993a), and Liu (1997). In the spirit of isomorphism, they have empirically and theoretically captured the scopal differences between Mandarin Chinese and English. As a new trend in this field, Fox (2000) proposes two principles for scope interpretation: Scope Economy and Ellipsis Scope Generalization. His view has been strongly supported by Takahashi’s (2008) scrambling analysis of scope in Japanese. However, the gap between scopal parallelism and economy in Mandarin Chinese leaves unexplained. This study attempts to (i) find the patterns of scopal interaction in elliptical structures in Mandarin Chinese, and (ii) check if these patterns are aligned with the principles of parallelism and economy. We conclude that parallelism and economy are strictly observed in interpreting scopal interaction in Mandarin Chinese, akin to English and Japanese.