艾儒略與《閩中諸公贈詩》研究

A Study on Giulio Aleni and Gift Poems from Fujian Literati

古代文人交遊已有以詩相贈的傳統，因此詩既可以紀事，亦可以證史。明末耶穌會士入華傳教，與士大夫交遊。義大利耶穌會士艾儒略 (Giulio Aleni, 1582-1649) 於1624年底入福建傳教二十五年，得到閩中諸公以贈送詩歌方式，表達對他的支持與對天主教的積極回應。後人將明清士大夫贈他的詩，輯入《閩中諸公贈詩》。本文以艾儒略與《閩中諸公贈詩》為研究對象，就士人贈詩的原因，事件背後的歷史背景，贈詩所表達的內容，以及詩對「十字架」反映天主教所起的作用等進行探討，勾勒出士人們與艾儒略間的互動，以及他們對天主教的認可與讚譽，再現明末清初外來天主教經艾儒略在福建傳播的歷史情境。

The ancient literati of China often exchanged poems they composed themselves as a sign of friendship. In this way, poetry records historical events as well as corroborates them. In the late Ming dynasty, Jesuit missionaries came to China to preach Christianity, becoming friends with scholar-officials in the process. Giulio Aleni (1582-1649), an Italian Jesuit missionary, came to Fujian Province at the end of 1624 and preached there for twenty-five years. He won the support and friendship of the Fujian literati, who responded to his preaching by writing poems in his honor. These poems, dedicated to him by scholar-officials in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, are compiled in Gift Poems from Fujian Literati《閩中諸公贈詩》. This paper investigates the reasons behind the gift poems; their historical background; their underlying messages; the effects of Christianity reflected in the poems; the interaction between the literati and Aleni; and the literati’s recognition and approbation of Christianity. The study also reveals the historical context in which Aleni spread Christianity in Fujian during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.