由鼻化型和鼻尾型小稱看吳語金華方言韻母層次的歷時演變

The Diachronic Development of Rhyme Variations in Jin-hua Wu Dialects: Evidence from Nasal Diminutives

本文檢視金華城區方言的鼻化型小稱與金華長山方言的鼻尾型小稱，發現在沒有分析小稱詞素的古音來源並進行語言層次剖析的情形下，僅就單字讀音與兒化讀音的簡單連結，所得出來的小稱音變規律有不少缺失。其中包括相同的基本韻母附加小稱後，卻產生不同的兒化韻母，以及小稱的鼻音成分對元音的影響無一定規則可循。本文一一討論這些涉及小稱音變的詞素，透過歷史層次分析與方言比較，對上述問題都能作出合理的解釋，並在某種程度上重建了金華方言在更早時期可能的音韻系統。

This paper indicates that the generative phonological processes of the diminutives in the urban Jin-hua dialect and Jin-hua Chang-shan dialect have some problems due to previous researchers who did not examine the origins of morphemes to which the diminutive is attached and also did not analyze them according to language strata. The gravest problems center on the fact that morphemes with the same finals may generate different nasalized finals after they are followed by the same nasal diminutive, and in that there seems to be no phonological rules to account for the effect which nasal diminutive suffixation has upon the vowels of the stems. This paper aims to discuss the phonological processes involved in the nasal diminutive suffixation to argue that the problems noted above are successfully resolved through historical points of view and comparisons among dialects. Furthermore, the possible phonological systems of an early stage in the Jin-hua dialect are partly reconstructed.