全民健康保險實施初期台灣地區一般與加護病床供需之推計

全民健康保險於1995年3月1日開辦後，民眾可能因就醫經濟障礙降低，而提高對於門診與住院之需求，因此應審慎評估並妥為規劃醫療服務體系，方能確保民眾獲得適當之醫療服務。本研究嘗試在全民健保實施前，於1992年利用人口推計資料、衛生統計及勞保醫療服務利用資料等次級資料，配合問卷調查，推計全民健保實施後短期之內，一般病床及加護病床供需之變化情形。重要發現如下：推計1997年底台灣地區將有72983張一般病床及2699張加護病床，而民眾對此二類病床之需求介於60413床至77764床之間。以台灣地區整體而言，未來急性病床供需將趨平衡，但地理分布不均仍為重課題。全民健保實施後應定期監測急性病床之供需情形，並利用保險申報資料進行更精確之推計。

After the National Health Insurance was implemented on March, 1, 1995, the demand for health care may be increased due to the alleviation of economic barrier when seeking medical care. Therefore, it is vitally important that we should scrutimize and carefully plan the health care delivery system to insure the population receive adequate medical care. The purpose of this study was to use secondary data analysis incorporate with mailed survey to estimate the supply and requirement of general and intensive care beds in Taiwan Area, after intitating the National Health Insurance. Major findings are as follows: by the end of 1997, there may be 72,983 general beds and 2,699 intensive beds in Taiwan area. On the other hand, the requirement may be ranging from 60,413 to 77,674 beds, depending on what level of occupancy rate that hospitals can reach. In terms of Taiwan area as a whole, the demand and requirement for general and intensive care beds is approaching an equilibrium, however the maldistribution among regions is still a major issue. Periodic monitoring the supply and requirement of all types of hospital beds and further estimation using claims data after the implementation of the National Health Insurance is suggested.